Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency where rapid recognition and decisive action can be lifesaving.
Despite increased awareness and rising hospital admissions particularly among children, delays in diagnosis and treatment remain a major cause of preventable harm. Anaphylaxis is a clinical diagnosis, defined by sudden, potentially life-threatening compromise of the airway, breathing, and/or circulation. Skin symptoms are common but may be absent, and treatment must never be delayed while awaiting investigations.
Current best practice is clear: adrenaline is the only first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and should be given promptly at the first signs of serious reaction.
Delayed adrenaline use is consistently linked to worse outcomes, including fatal anaphylaxis. Corticosteroids are no longer recommended for routine management, as they do not treat the acute reaction and may delay life-saving adrenaline. Supportive care, observation for biphasic reactions, and robust discharge planning including adrenaline access, training, written action plans, and specialist follow-up are essential to reduce future risk.
Emerging options, such as intranasal adrenaline (EURneffy), offer a needle-free alternative that may improve real-world use, particularly in community settings.
While bioequivalence data are reassuring, EURneffy should be used thoughtfully within shared decision-making and is not suitable as the sole rescue therapy for patients with a history of severe or refractory anaphylaxis. Overall, improving outcomes depends less on diagnostic certainty and more on timely adrenaline use, clear guidance, and empowering patients, families, and caregivers to act with confidence when seconds matter.
For the full article, please visit:
https://www.allergyuk.org/hcp-resources/recognising-managing-and-treating-severe-allergic-reactions